![]() ![]() Arbeiten aus dem Zoologischen Institut Wien 6:121 Hatschek B (1885) Entwicklung der trochophora von Eupomatus uncinatus, Philippi (Serpula uncinata). Gerrier P (1970) Les caractères de la segmentation et la détermination de la polarité dorsoventrale dans le développement de quelques Spiralia. Science 304:1335–1337įritzenwanker JH, Saina M, Technau U (2004) Analysis of forkhead and snail expression reveals epithelial–mesenchymal transitions during embryonic and larval development of Nematostella vectensis. Am Zool 38:621–633įinnerty JR, Pang K, Burton P, Paulson D, Martindale MQ (2004) Origins of bilateral symmetry: hox and dpp expression in a sea anemone. Dev Growth Differ 48(7):463–472īoyer BC, Henry JQ (1998) Evolutionary modifications of the Spiralian developmental program. Development 127:4631–4643Īrenas-Mena C, Cameron RA, Davidson EH (2006) Hindgut specification and cell-adhesion functions of Sphox11/13b in the endoderm of the sea urchin embryo. Acta Zool (Stockh) 47:1–42Īrenas-Mena C, Cameron AR, Davidson EH (2000) Spatial expression of hox cluster genes in the ontogeny of a sea urchin. The combined expression of HeFoxA1 and HeFoxA2 correlates with mesoderm and endoderm expression of their orthologs in other bilaterians.Īnderson DT (1966) The comparative embryology of the Polychaeta. In addition, HeFoxA2 has a unique expression in two hindgut cells and abutting ectoderm cells located by the imminent anal opening. The other ortholog, HeFoxA2, is expressed in a subset of the cells in which HeFoxA1 is expressed during early stages, but later it is largely restricted to the endoderm–ectoderm boundary of the proctodaeum. HeFoxA1 is apparently expressed in ectomesoderm cells involved in forming the larva-specific protonephridium (the so-called head kidney). Later, during gastrulation, HeFoxA1 declines in hindgut precursors, and by the end of gastrulation the expression remains active only in foregut precursors. HeFoxA1 expression declines first in subtrochal ectoderm and presumptive midgut precursors, as well as apparently in D quadrant blastomeres in advance of any known signaling events. HeFoxA1 is first detected in second quartet blastomeres soon after their formation, and later in all vegetal half blastomeres, which comprise ectoderm, endoderm, and mesoderm precursors. Two forkhead family transcription factors, HeFoxA1 and HeFoxA2, were isolated from the serpulid annelid Hydroides elegans and their transcript distribution were characterized during embryogenesis. ![]()
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